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The Germans had built formidable defences around Omaha. Rommel had built
many of his 'dragon's teeth' on the beach which were designed to take out
the base of landing craft - and for good measure, the 'teeth' were also
mined. Heavily fortified 'resistance nests' had been built on top of the
cliffs and most German positions were connected by a system of trenches
to allow for better movement of personnel. Gun emplacements had been designed
to cover the beach. Facing the Germans were troops from the US 1st Army
led by Omar Bradley. The attack on the beach was timed for 06.30. |
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The plan was to land infantry troops alongside armoured vehicles - amphibious
Sherman tanks. Such a potent armoured force on the beach would have given
the Americans far greater fire power against the Germans. However, the Shermans
(DD tanks) never made it. It is now known that the 29 tanks were released
from their landing craft too far away from the beach. There was a much greater
swell further out to sea than the Americans had bargained on and all but
two of the DD's were swamped with water very soon after leaving their landing
craft.
Once they started to sink, nothing could be done to help them or the crew.
But it also meant that troops on the beach, expecting armoured cover, did
not get it. Another problem faced by the Americans was that many units were
landed in the wrong place. Strong tides and winds carried many landing craft
off line and when troops did land, confusion ensued as to which unit was
where and what is was meant to do. |
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The
landings at Omaha is most remembered for the casualties the Americans took
there. the German gun emplacements had been well placed. German machine
gun fire tore into the American troops. The seawall on the beach offered
some salvation - but the sprint needed across the beach to the wall proved
fatal for many.
The only way off the beach was to scale the cliffs. Led by US Rangers, this
is how the Americans escaped from the beach. Small naval craft had got as
close in as they could and attacked the German gun emplacements. Their impact
was important as they took away the Germans desire to solely concentrate
on the Americans on the beach. By midday, German resistance was considerably
lessened. By nightfall, the Americans had gained a hold on the beach and
its immediate hinterland. The Americans suffered 2,400 casualties at Omaha
- and this is principally why the attack is remembered. It is easy to overlook
the fact that despite the casualties, 34,000 troops had been landed by the
end of the day on this blooded beach. |
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